History of the Muddy Children Puzzle
Hans van Ditmarsch
cs.AI cs.GL cs.LO
Abstract
The Muddy Children Puzzle is a puzzle about knowledge and ignorance that has been inspiring for the development of epistemic logic. Who came up with it first? This is unclear. We trace the origin of the Muddy Children Puzzle through logical and literary publications over the past two centuries. The puzzle inspired a numerous variations such as involving numbers or coloured hats. We also present a novel hats puzzle involving self-reference.
Topics
Classified with taxonomy v2 on Sat, 5 Sept 2026.